Molecular Facts and Structures

The Idea Of Governess Extended Until The Nineteenth Century

The idea of governess extended until the nineteenth century. The Victorian women, especially the Bronte sisters, Charlotte and Anne, experienced the occupation of a governess. Their impressions were negative because of the poor condition, bad treatment, and low wage of a governess during the Victorian era. According to Gilbert, Anne endured in the governess’s job for six years while Charlotte shortened it to two years. Charlotte wrote in a letter to her sister Emily, â€Å"I can now see more clearly than I have ever done before that a private governess has no existence, is not considered as a living and rational being, except as connected with the wearisome duties she has to fulfill†(qtd. in Heyck, 203). Charlotte transfers her negative views of the governess’s status in English society through her literary work Jane Eyre. She portrays the poor conditions and bad treatments of the private school that Jane attends. In Lowood School, Jane spends eight years before she accepts an offer of becoming a governess and starting her financial dependence. Mr. Brocklehurst who is the headmaster of Lowood School keeps the girls hungry and cold. Also, he treats the girls very badly by punishing them. One of the problems that children from working and middle class face in schools, rather than the social distinction, is the physical punishment. In â€Å"Aspects of Neglect: The Strange Case of Victorian Popular Education,† Harold Silver investigates about the â€Å"corporal punishment† that is used inShow MoreRelatedWomens Failure to Gain the Vote Between 1900-1914 Essay8468 Words   |  34 Pagesbetween 1900 and 1914. 1. Long-term factors: First I am going to study the long-term causes, as it is with these that the climate of the situation at the time in question can be viewed in its entirety. At the start of the 20th century Britain was a patriarchal society, one dominated by males with women considered as lower class citizens. Most women were seen as their husbands’ property and were there to meet all their requirements, these requirements included doingRead MoreNationalism and Transnationalism in the Context of the European Union28567 Words   |  115 PagesNational debates 46 4.1. The EU: State of Nations or Nation-State? 47 4.2. The European Union and its Citizens 61 4.3. Constitution for the European Union? 67 Conclusions 72 Bibliography 76 APPENDIX 82 Introduction The twentieth century bears tragic scars left by the First and Second World Wars. Fifty million soldiers and civilians lost their lives in conflicts that left Europe in ruins.[1] In 1945 Europe faced the task to rebuild the European countries destroyed in war conflagrationRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesskills are a complex weave of abilities that help you get someones point, generate reasons for your own point, evaluate the reasons given by others, decide what or what not to do, decide what information to accept or reject, explain a complicated idea, apply conscious quality control as you think, and resist propaganda. Your most important critical thinking skill is your skill at making judgments─not snap judgments that occur in the blink of an eye, but those that require careful reasoning.

Importance of Operational Management

Question: Describe importance of operational management, operational function analysis for the furniture supplier organisation and tension between cost minimisation and quality maximisation? Answer: Introduction: Operation management is a part of management that only works to develop the operation strategy and monitoring the operation strategy as well. Operation managements main area is related with evaluation, design and controls the production process and redesign the production in order to develop the operation process. It helps the organisation to run the operation process accordingly and monitor the progress of the operation and compare the progress with organisations budgeted progress as well. This assignment has done on a furniture supplier organisation. Main aim of this assignment is to find out new ideas which would be helpful to develop efficiency and effectiveness of the business. Therefore first part of this assignment will show the nature and importance of operational management of that furniture supplier organisation and the link between strategic planning and operational management. Second part of this assignment will show the way the organisation can organise a typical production process and finally this report will show the techniques that organisation can adopt to develop their production. Importance of Operational management: Operation management of an organisation helps that organisation by monitoring the process of the production, by taking steps to develop the progress of the organisation and by implementing their strategy which is related to the organisations strategy. Mainly operation management set up the strategy by looking at the organisations strategy which helps the organisation to reach to their goals. Organisation gives priority to their operation management departments decisions at the time of decision making process as the organisations main outcome comes from production department which is controlled by operation department. Following points would be helpful to understand the operation departments contribution for the organisation: Contribution in decision making process: At the time of setting up the strategy the operation department provides their opinion for that strategy. Those opinions include the requirement of resources of production for the new project, the availability of part of the resources, the ability of the organisation to produce for the new project etc. Allocation of the resources: Operation department helps the organisation to allocate the resources. They collect materials, labour, machinery etc for production and allocate those to get standard outcome from those resources. It helps organisation to saving extra costs of production (Slack et al, 2013). Monitoring the production process: Operation department monitors the production process of the organisation. In this part they measure the resources that is using for production and compare the actual resources with budgeted resources. It helps the organisation to produce their products within their budgeted limit and it also helps them to produce standard products by using appropriate resources (Slack et al, 2013). Developing the strategy of production: Operation department does research of the production and try to find out other ways of production which would be helpful for the organisation to save the resources by maintaining their standard quality. It helps the organisation to develop their net profit as well (Slack et al, 2013). Operational function analysis for the furniture supplier organisation: In a furniture supplier organisation, operation management plays an important role to operate the production unit. Verities of functions involve in operation management and operation management daily work includes those functions as well. There are mainly eight functions that operation management operates daily in a furniture supplier organisation. Those are as follows, Selection of design of the furniture: Operation management need to know their customer organisations requirement and on the base of that the management of the organisation will select the design of the furniture to produce (Slack et al, 2013). Furniture production process selection: The operational management will plan to determine about the process of the production. In that situation they can determine about the resources that they can use for the production. For example, they can increase or decrease the uses of labour and machinery at this time (Slack et al, 2013). Production capacity determination: Operation management will determine unit of furniture they can maximum produce by using their labour and machinery. Plan for production: At this point the operational management can make a time scale sheet and on the base of that they can plan for the production. It would be helpful for them finish the work on time (Slack et al, 2013). Control the production: The furniture supplier needs to produce the furniture on the base of their demand. Otherwise over production could cause them to increase their storage costs. Costs and quality control: Operation department always try to control the costs of production by keeping the standard of quality of production. It helps them the organisation to increase their profit (Slack et al, 2013). Inventory Control: Inventory overstock could cause them to increase their stock costs and falling of price could cause them to decrease the profit as well. By looking at that situation operation management controls the inventory of the organisation and produce on the base of their customers demand. Machinery maintenance and replacement: Operation management control the maintenance of machinery and they replace faulty or backdated machinery to increase the ability of production. It helps organisation to keep balance on demand and supply. In addition modern machinery helps the organisation to develop the production and to motivate their employees (Slack et al, 2013). Process model of the furniture supplier and evaluation: It is important for the furniture supplier organisations operation management to follow a formalized process model which would be helpful for them to produce the furniture appropriately for the customers. Therefore the organisation can use the following process model which would be helpful for them to determine the accuracy of the furniture quality and quantity. Process model for the furniture supplier could be the following model, According to the diagram the furniture supplier organisation put raw materials by using technology or labours for the transformation process. In their transformed resources means change in materials on the base of customers order. In that situation the change could be change of physical characteristics of materials, location of materials, ownership of materials etc. It also changes on the base of their customer organisations feedback and returns (masterclassmanagement, 2014). At the time of transformation process, the organisation needs to design their process and implement the improvement of the process. Finally operation management can planning and control the process as of producing furniture. Finally with the help of operation managements plan, the organisation delivers the furniture to their customers and provides the excellent customer services as well. However after delivering products and services their customers provide their opinion and on the base of that opinion operation management improve their production process (masterclassmanagement, 2014). Improvement by using Three Es theory: Operating management of the organisation can evaluate their performance by using Three Es theory and on the base of that they can take steps to improve their strategy. It would be helpful for them to develop organisations objectives and it would be helpful to achieve competitive advantages as well. Main target of Operation management is to produce standard quality products by controlling the cost. Therefore Three Es helps them to achieve the target. Full meaning of Three Es is Economy, Efficiency and Effectiveness. Economy: On the base of economy the furniture organisations operating management will evaluate the costs of the production. In that situation they can review their raw material prices, labour costs, technological costs etc. Main target of this part is to reduce the costs of production and increase the quality of the production as well. Nowadays operation management of furniture manufacturing organisation try to use modern technologies to reduce their labour costs and increase production as well (Hill and Hill, 2012). Efficiency: In the efficiency part operation management evaluate their performances with other organisations performance. Efficiency part could be divided by two groups. Those are inter-authority comparison and inter comparison. Into inter-authority comparison, operation management compare their performance of production like operating expenses, number of employer, labour skills etc with other similar types of organisations. On the other hand inter comparison system helps organisation to compare costs of productions with other similar types of organisations (Hill and Hill, 2012). Effectiveness: Efficiency part helps operational management to determine their objectives and achievement of the organisation. In this point operational management compare the objectives that whether the objectives are practical and precise or not. On the base of that they takes steps do develop their activities (Hill and Hill, 2012). Tension between cost minimisation and quality maximisation: Organisations operation management always try to set up the strategy which would be helpful to minimise the costs of the production and develop the quality of the productions as well. It helps the organisation to achieve competitive advantages in terms of cost leadership and customers become have by getting good quality products. With the help of that the organisation can provide low costs products with good quality which always the customers look for (Hill and Hill, 2012). The furniture supplier organisations operational management can mainly look on the quality of the products and after that they can review the costs of the production. Therefore it could be said that, the organisation can give first priority on the quality of the products and second priority is the costs of the products. In terms of profit maximisation the organisation need to look on the cost of the production as well. Therefore operation management of the organisation always review the segments of the production to control the costs of the production (Hill and Hill, 2012). Significance of five management objectives: Operation management mainly looks on five objectives in terms of running the production procedure appropriately which would be meeting to the organisations requirement. Mainly operation management set up their strategy which meets to the organisations strategy as well and their main target is to deliver quality products with lower prices as well. Those five objectives are as follows, Costs: It has already been explained that, operation management of the organisation always try to minimize their costs. Therefore in some situation they move their manufacturing areas in other locations or they set up their manufacturing areas where they can get cheap labour, raw materials etc. Low casts help the organisation to maximise the profit (Hill and Hill, 2012). Quality: In terms of getting loyal customers, it is important for the organisation to maintain the quality of the products. It helps the organisation to increase their revenue and earning goodwill as well. Therefore operation management always maintain their quality of the products. In some situation they try to improve the quality of the products by keeping the same costs of the products. It helps them to get competitive advantages (Hill and Hill, 2012). Speed of the production: It is operation managements responsibility is to maintain the speed of the products. Operation management try to find out the ways to speed up the productions and in some situation they control the speed of the productions as well to maintain the quality of the products. The furniture supplier only supplies their production to a particular organisation therefore they control their speed on the base of the organisations demand (Hill and Hill, 2012). Flexibility: Operation management try to become flexible with their daily works. It helps them to develop their strategy. In this point flexibility means operation managements power to change the products and production process. However at the time of changing the production procedure the operation management looks on their customers requirements and organisations objectives (Hill and Hill, 2012). Dependability: Dependability is to deliver the furniture to their customers on time. It helps to gain goodwill and the customers become happy to get delivery on time. Operational management always do research to improve their services and try to find out the ways that they can use to deliver their products more accurate time (Hill and Hill, 2012). The way liner programme adds value to a production process: Liner programming is a mathematical technique that helps the organisation to maximise or minimize a linear function of several variables. Liner programme is helpful for operation management of the furniture supplier organisation. It helps the operational management to make the best possible use of available productive resources. In some situation the operational management may face the problem of bottle neck in production process. In that situation Liner programme helps the organisation to calculate the bottle neck, it highlights the bottle neck resources and suggests possible steps that the organisation can take to overcome that problem (IBM, 2014). The need for operational planning and control in producing a furniture: It is important for operational management to follow formalized procedure to determine the need for operational planning and the steps to control in producing the furniture. In this time they need to take some steps which would be helpful to set up their strategy and into their strategy they can include these steps as well. Those points would be as follows, They need to review all activities which are related with the production of furniture. They need to order and collect all the resources that they need to run their production procedure. They have to determine about the activities that they can run smoothly or they have to wait for other activities. In addition finally they have to determine about the time when they need other activities to take place (Heizer and Render, 2014). Planning the operation of producing the furniture and control the production procedure: Planning and the operation of producing the furniture and control the production procedure is mainly depend on the demand and supply of the products. Demand into the market could go down and therefore on the base of that the customer organisation may reduce the supply of furniture. However into the furniture market, it is unlikely reduces the demand of the furniture. However demand of a particular design may reduce and on the base of that customer organisation may ask to change the model of the furniture. In that situation it is important for the operation management to redesign the furniture production plan and implement the plan to provide furniture on their customers demand (Heizer and Render, 2014). On the other hand, furniture manufacturers would have to make plan by considering their situation as well. It is because they get delivery of raw materials from their suppliers. In some situation suppliers might renegotiate the price of raw materials, or they might start reducing the quality of the products. In that situation it is important for the operational management to redesign the production model and implement the production model to continue their production process by keeping their standard qualities (Heizer and Render, 2014). Moreover the supplier would have to consider other resources to run their production process. Other resources include labour, machinery etc. They need to look on their labour qualities, availability of the labour, costs of the labour. In addition, machinery availability, latest machinery uses, decision making whether they should use machinery or labour for production is also important work for the operation management of the organisation (Heizer and Render, 2014). Operational outcomes for the selected furniture supply organization: It is noted that being a supplier of furniture, the organization needs to set in motion with pre-assessment scheduling, followed by the supplier evaluation as well as the operational outcomes assessment. Below are the essential operational outcomes for the selected business organization: Operational planning Conversions Expected benefit Forecasting demand The demand for the particular furniture is forecasted by the company or assess the demand of the product and accordingly order the wood High Assemble stock Assembling the stock like wood, nails, paints, steel and adhesive low Cutting the wood Items are being machine rather than assemble from the parts. Manufacturing as per the order of the clients (Apte et al. 2011). Low Designing and using adhesive and various other materials Innovating the style of furniture along with selecting the design, greasing and polishing the furniture High Checking the quality Quality controller check the quality by assessing the furniture strength and weight and size as per the client demands (Trietsch and Baker, 2012). High Inventory Entire finished product are being keep for the dispatch by using the batch processings. Low Logistics Final send into the stores and from there to consumers. Medium Network plan: Network planning helps to reduce the complexity of task. In this study, implementation of TQM within the existing supply chain system of the furniture company, network diagram will give the time of the project which will help in scheduling of the project. Below are the details of the network plan for the selected business organization. Activities Predecessor DAYS A - 2 B - 3 C B 1 D A,C 3 E D 8 F C 1 G F 6 H F 3 I B 7 J H,E,G 2 Here, A = Preparing the technicals specifications B = Tender processing C = Work orders D = Supply of equipments E = Supply of TQM F = Supply of fittings G = Civil work H = Installations I = Monitoring J = Dummy testing The below mentioned figure explores the critical path of the network: Figure: Network of the project So, the critical path is The approaches that can be used for project management and quality control in sale, stock or purchase process: It is important for the operational management to control the quality of the furniture for sales, stock, and purchases process. It helps the organisation to gain goodwill and to run the business successfully. Therefore project management of the furniture supplier organisation can use different tools to control the quality of the furniture for sales, stock and purchase process. Those tools are as follows, The Ishikawa diagram: This diagram is helpful to examine the reasons of something happens or might happen in operational process. It helps the process management to identify the gaps of production and on the base of that process management can take steps to fulfil the gaps. (pumhut, 2014) Control chart: Into the furniture manufacturing organisation control chart would be helpful to find out normal distribution and allows the organisation to track trends and adjust the process mean when the organisation reach goals and need to set new goals. Main reason of using control chart is the organisation can track trends overtime (pumhut, 2014). Conclusion: Finally it could be said that, operation management plays one of the most important roles within an organisation. With the help of operational management the organisation can reach to their goals easily and it helps them to develop the business by gaining goodwill as well. On the other hand, operational management need to follow formalized process to overcome their challenges and to run their daily works. It would be helpful for the operational management to reach to their target easily. Personal reflection: After executing this study, it is now clear to me that operation management is part of strategic importance to every organisation and it plays very important role in reducing the company cost and the increase in production of the company. In order to execute this research work, as I choose a furniture supplier organization as the case organization, it helped me to understand the aspect related to manufacturing and innovating design for the furniture. This study at the same time helped me to understand how the business attains the supply and demand balance in the marketplace. During the study, I also understood that company takes too much long process of manufacturing the furniture because of the large part of the time is taken in the production planning and strategy. References: 1. masterclassmanagement, 2014. Information obtained from https://www.masterclassmanagement.com/BusinessManagementCourse-DayToDayRunning.html . Last viewed 23/06/2014 2. Slack N. Brandon-johns A. Johnston R. 2013. Operational management, 7th London: Pearson 3. IBM, 2014. Information obtained from https://www-01.ibm.com/software/commerce/optimization/linear-programming/ . Last visited 27/06/2014 4. Hill, T. Hill, A, 2012. Operational management. 7th London: Palgrave McMillion 5. Heizer, J. Render B, 2014. Operational management. 11th London: Pearson 6. CNX, 2014. Information obtained from https://cnx.org/content/m32170/latest/. Last visited 28/06/2014 7. Pmhut, 2014. Information obtained from https://www.pmhut.com/quality-control-in-project-management . Last visited 28/06/2014

To Balance Technological Development an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

To Balance Technological Development Vis-Ã  -vis Growth and Profitability BACKGROUND OF THE CASE iPremier is one of the top two electronic commerce retailing businesses with a commendable pattern of growth. The overall management structure of the company is sound and impeccable. Its stock position, surviving the NASDAQ 2000 downfall, held comfortably steady hence. The level of satisfaction of its executive, employees and customers are sustainable. The technical and technological structure of iPremier is well provided for. It has an outsourced host and colocation support. iPremiers relationship with QData has been a long-standing satisfactory affair. Need essay sample on "To Balance Technological Development Vis--vis Growth and Profitability" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Until that one early morning when iPremiers 3-month old Chief Information Officer, Bob Turley, was awaken from a business trip in New York City by one of iPremiers operations crew, Leon Ledbetter, with an alerting problem that iPremiers website cannot be accessed. Within a few hours that market will commence, their customers might not be able to conduct business with them. A hacking into the systems of iPremier is highly suspected. THE INCIDENCE As instantenously looked into and being analyzed by iPremiers Technical Operations Team Leader, Joanne Ripley initially surmised to Turley that the continuous one-liner e-mails that says ha keep appearing in their systems. Ripley and Ledbetter could not diagnose behind their firewall via the T1 line therefore they suspect a connectivity problem in QData, meaning, a possible problem outside the perimeter of the architecture of iPremier. But they do not see any connectivity problem into and out of the building of QData People Usually Tell EssayLab support:Who wants to write essay for me?Essay writers propose:Order Papers On Essaylab.ComBuy Essays Online Do My Essay Buy College Papers Essay Writing Service What Ripley initially learned is that the emails are coming through an anonymizer. The preliminary thought of Ripley is to unplug the server soon she gets to QData offices. But it will take sometime to put their systems back together after unplugging. Yet, Turley and Ripley are worried about infiltration of customer data and credit cards data. After the initial and brief exchange of Turley and Ripley, the subsequent briefings he held with iPremiers CEO, Jack Samuelson; VP Business Development Warren Spangler and Legal Counsel, Peter Stewart the unanimous decision is to pull the plug and avert a public raucous soon as markets awaken and iPremier experience a backlash on their stocks and market standing. What Turley eventually had to do was to consult iPremiers Chief Technology Officer, Tim Mandel that will enable him to come to a final conclusion then achieve a unanimous decision with his peer executives. Mandel hesitates on pulling the plug because logging data might be lost. And such logging data will be crucial to truly analyze the depth of what happened. It will serve as evidence to enable them to evaluate the big picture of the problem with QData, and, yes, with iPremier Chief Executive Officer. It is therefore imminent that the hacking incidence be thoroughly analyzed because if iPremier does not get to know what really happened, it can happen again. And not knowing what happened, iPremier will not be truly capable of what to disclose to the public. Besides, Mandel believes there is however little effect preserved logs because detailed logging is enabled because it takes a lot of disk space on the server. To pursue detailed logging will require investment on additional storag e arrays and the finance executives of iPremier are cold to the idea. Therefore, the investigation of the incidence might produce mediocre analysis to support further solutions desired or courses of action. Finally, Ripley having gotten into the server console of QData discovered a flood of synchronized conversation from multiple sites directed at the router that runs the iPremiers firewall service. There are 30 sites that the hack is coming from which spells to a classic distributed denial of service attack. Ripley decided to shut down traffic from the addresses of the internet providers. A denial of service attack does not necessarily mean an intrusion. Thus, the customer data and credit card data of iPremier are still safe. Although, Ripley contends that a denial of service attack and an intrusion may not necessarily be exclusive. Finally, Ripley reported to Turley that amazingly she just saw that the attack stopped just like that and the website of iPremier is back in the fold of servicing their customers without any trace of the incidence having transpired. Of course Ripley and Turley decided to really sit down and sort out what really happened and come to fore as to what should be done for once and for all to the seeming deterrence of existing technical architecture of iPremier. ORGANIZATIONAL PROBLEMS AND CAUSES iPremier seeming relationship with a benign associate as QData hosting is mainly due to the proximity of the two companies. QData however cannot be described as a potential candidate for market leadership. It features basic floor space, power, connectivity, environmental control, physical security, management services of websites, firewall internet security services. QData is not keen on investing in advanced technology. Of course iPremier has recognized these realities and the imminence of a shift to another facility. What makes the resolve pending final enactment is due to iPremiers being enamoured with and just concentrates on its growth track that has been consistent. They have been busy with their progress. Then there is the consideration of expense that will be incurred in the shift: at three times more than their current cost with QData. iPremier is likewise extensively dwelling on the effect of eventual disruption of service to customers during the transition. Finally, one of the founders of iPremier has a sense of indebtedness to QData who has stood by iPremier during the difficult times of iPremier during the early days of its operations. QData was more than willing to sustain their contracts. HOW IPREMIER AND ITS EXISTING OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES STAND Strength - iPremier is presently and considerably a lead player in the new economy of internet marketing. At 50% annual growth rate, it was able to hold its water during the 2000 NASDAQ crash. Its high-end customers are varied and transactions are smoothly settled via credit card online and on the spot. In return, the goodwill of iPremier to its customers is illustrated via its flexible policies on purchase satisfaction before finally deciding on keeping their purchases. Weakness The technical and technological support of the seemingly efficient marketing and management realities of iPremier need to be thoroughly re-evaluated. What has arisen with the hacking incidence may be a blessing in disguise enabling further evaluation as to what could possibly brew further. Opportunities The customer satisfaction level of iPremier is secure. Therefore, customer satisfaction will translate to improved turnover of business. There is the word of mouth effect that is truly profound. There are repeat orders that can be harnessed. Threats A weak technical support that will eventually no longer cope to the potential of market growth - will have a very drastic effect. New Economy businesses are highly sensitive because the only thing that customers bank on is the efficiency of online transactions. Customers who will face a minutest difficulty on online transactions will simply click away to find alternative providers. ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS As verily pointed out by the operations staff of iPremier, it is reckoned that with appropriate modernization of computing infrastructure, growth could be accomplished by adding installations in other facilities, rather than by expanding floor space in existing facility. iPremier has not gotten on the drawing board to truly work this concept out. The perspective of the operations department is to augment their existing business volume that will ensure that their efficiency to present customer service is sustained and that no hitches can immediately transpire. RECOMMENDED SOLUTION Bob Turley as the protagonist must reckon that his is the mandate to attack iPremiers suspected deficit in operating procedures as what the CEO advised him during his appointment time. Therefore, there is the overall picture that needs in-depth analysis beyond the technical and technological aspects. The need for paradigm shift might come to fore: as it is the battlecry of change. As an exemplification, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development developed their processes and procedures in their website management. And an overview says: When HUDs website debuted in 1995, we made a discover: citizens expect to get information and services directly from HUD. Some managers objected: Citizens arent our customers. We work through intermediaries. Were wholesalers not retailers. The web changed this paradigm. It caused HUD to create a new product: citizen-centered information and services. We began by examining our audiences: what do they want to know? What do we want to tell them? Within months, we refocused our website on homes and communities not HUD. We drew content from inside and outside of HUD, adding value by organizing it in ways that make sense to citizens. When we encountered voids in content that citizens wanted, we became entrepreneurial. In 2000, we began teaching free Web Clinics, encouraging HUDs grantees and partners to create content to which we link. We developed free software - HUDs Web Clinic Wizard - to make it easy for them to build websites. (HUD, 2005) [underline supplied] Turley must diagnose the true flow of operational procedures. Whatever logistical support that each process and procedure requires must be prescribed with solutions in two phases: interim short term to progress to long term stable solution. Turley and Ripley must for once and for all make a comprehensive analysis of what happened in the incidence. They will have to take off from there to solidly support a firm course of action. If an overhaul may come to pass in its technical support, then it should be so. Turley must awaken his CEO that with a sustained 50% annual growth, a reasonable investment can be worked out to upgrade technical facilities. Venturing to change requires the firm commitment to succeed. With that vision in mind, playing the devils advocate may come to fore. Making a decision towards either a calculable or incalculable repercussion entails the same thing: risk. However, there are already a thousand and one other cases and situations that embarking on a vision is half the battle won. For example, Merck & Co. Inc. encountered a situation while it was working on its Invermectin veterinary drug. In 1978, Dr. P. Roy Vagelos, then head of the Merck research laboratories, received a provocative memorandum from a senior researcher in parasitology, Dr. William c. Campbell. Dr. Campbell had made an intriguing observation while working with Ivermectin, a new antiparasitic compound under investigation for use in animals. Campbell thought that Ivermectin might be the answer to a disease called river blindness that plagued millions in the Third World. But to find out if Campbells hypohesis had merit, Merck would have to spend millions of dollars to develop the right formulation for human use and to conduct the field trials in the most remoted parts of the world. Evn if these efforts produced an effective and safe drug, vitually none of those afflicted with river blindness could afford to buy it. Dr. Vagelos.had to decide whether to invest in research for a drug that, even if successful, might never pay for itself[Yet] Despite these risks, Dr. Vagelos wondered what the impact might be of turning down Dr. Campbells proposal. Merck had built a research team dedicated to alleviating human suffering..Ultimately, Dr. Vagelos who had to make the decision whether or not to fund research toward a treatment for river blindness. (Weiss, Bollier, 1994) [underline supplied] Furthermore, Turley can work out with Business Development and Marketing how they could increase on product line offerings. Congruent to an efficient operating procedure is the capability to expand product lines and market base. As Turley can warrant that re-investment in the total operating process will be returned by an invigorated market activity, there can be no stopping on the potential of iPremier both in service efficiency and turnover. A re-invigorated market activity depends on loyal customers and they must indeed be built upon. They are the bastions that will warrant the risks to achieve success and a vision and deciding on new investments. Curious things are happening. More and more companies, it seems are trying to turn us into loyal customers. We read about it .. We hear about it..Companies in every industry are saying they want us around for the long term. They say THEIR FUTURE SUCCESS ACTUALLY DEPENDS ON KEEPING US IN THE FOLD. Executives proclaim that THE ONLY PROFITABLE CUSTOMER IS A LOYAL ONE and that the only way to grow a good business is by building a good relationships. (Heil, Parker, Stephens, 1997) [upper case provided] PERSPECTIVE AND PROSPECT: Paramount to real business growth is a balancing act of recycling. Meaning, a portion of sustainable growth must be re-invested. This balancing act is an armor towards calculable changes that market environments and business environments pose within the realm of customer responses. Customer needs and satisfaction can become variable overnight. A satisfactory level of service, even if sustained and consistently attained, is not a laurel to simply rest with Recognizing changes and adopting and adapting to them is a more prudent and dynamic business resolve than merely sitting on growth and continue playing profits with intangible fixed income investments or money market or stocks. Capital expenditures are honest expressions of a companys true recognition of the goodwill of customers and the intention towards improving customer relationships. What Turley and iPremier will risk is of course a sizeable reduction in the companys cash flow. With a solid blueprint on maximizing customer satisfaction towards increasing product line and customer base, the hesitation will be alleviated. The confidence of any transitional and bold dynamics in a business must be a unanimous consensus amongst its executives. It is only in unified faith and confidence that a business expansion and operational upliftment can be realized. There may be setbacks in infusing new ideas into a company. Creating a vision and the ability to share a vision and gather everyone to unite behind the process of success is a challenging hurdle and yet a rewarding exercise and a demonstration of skill. Generating a vision for an organization is held to b important, because from that platform the enterprise is helped to model strategic plans and provide a kind of touchstone for goal setting [Allen, 1995]. An effective vision is considered ot be one which defines ways INTO THE FUTURE[but] do not expect that everyone will buy into your ideas. There will always be those who will not want to come to board [Moorhouse in Shells video, 1996]. He argues that there will be always be people who cannot be motivated to join in, and that these persons will need to be moved aside into less critical positions. (Kakabadse and Kakabadse, 1998) [upper case provided] At the end of the day, no guts, not glory. References: HUDs Web Management Operating Procedures. June 1, 2005 Weiss, S. and Bollier, D., 1994. Merck , A Case Study. International business Case Studies. Edited by Robert T. Moran, David O. Braaten and John E. Walsh, Jr. p. 309, 314 Kakabadse, N.K. and Kakabadse, A. P. 1998. Vison,Visionary Leadership and the Visioning Process: An Overview. Success in Sight. Edited by Andrew Kakabadse, Frederic Nortier and Nello-Bernard Abramovici. p. 1, 26 Heil, G., Parker, T., Stephens D.C. 1997. Building Relationships One Customer at a Time. One Size Fits Ones. P. 17

Determining Late Work and Makeup Work Policies

Determining Late Work and Makeup Work Policies Late work is a teacher housekeeping task that often causes a classroom management nightmare for teachers. Late work can be especially difficult for new educators who do not have a set policy in place or even for a veteran teacher who has created a policy that just is not working. There are many reasons why makeup or late work should be allowed, but the best reason to consider is that any work that was deemed important enough by a teacher to be assigned, deserves to be completed. If homework or classwork is not important, or are assigned as busy work, students will notice, and they will not be motivated to complete the assignments. Any homework and/or classwork a teacher assigns and collects should support a students academic growth. There may be students returning from excused or unexcused absences who will need to complete makeup work. There also may be students who have not worked responsibly. There may be assignment completed on paper, and now there may be assignments submitted digitally. There are multiple software programs where students may submit homework or classwork. However, there may be students  who lack the  resources or support they need at home. Therefore, it is important that teachers create late work and make-up work policies for hard copies and for digital submissions that they can follow consistently and with a minimum of effort. Anything less will result in confusion and further problems. Questions to Consider When Creating a Late Work and Makeup Work Policy Research your schools current late work policies. Questions to ask:Does my school have a set policy for teachers concerning late work? For example, there might be a schoolwide policy that all teachers are to take off a letter grade for each day late.What is my schools policy concerning time for makeup work? Many school districts allow students two days to complete late work for each day they were out.What is my schools policy for making up work when a student has an excused absence? Does that policy differ for an unexcused absence? Some schools do not allow students to make up work after unexcused absences.Decide how you want to handle collecting on-time homework or classwork. Options to consider:Collecting homework (hard copies) at the door as they enter the class.Digital submissions to a classroom software platform or app (ex: Edmodo, Google Classroom). These will have a digital time stamp on each document.Ask students have to turn homework/classwork into a specific location (homew ork/classwork box) by the bell to be considered on time.Use a timestamp to put on homework /classwork to mark when it was submitted.   Determine if you will accept partially-completed homework or classwork. If so, then students can be considered on time even if they have not completed their work. If not, this needs to be clearly explained to students.Decide what type of penalty (if any) you will assign to late work. This is an important decision because it will impact how you control late work. Many teachers choose to lower a students grade by one letter for each day that it is late. If this is what you choose, then you will need to come up with a method for recording the dates past deadline for hard copies to help you remember as you grade later that day. Possible ways to mark late work:Have students write the date they turn in the homework on the top. This saves you time but could also lead to cheating.You write the date the homework was turned in on the top as it is turned in. This will only work if you have a mechanism for students to turn in work directly to you each day.If you wish to use a homework collection box, then you can mark the day each assignment was turned in on the paper when you grade each day. However, this requires daily maintenance on your part so that you dont get confused. Decide how will you assign makeup work to students who were absent. Possible ways to assign makeup work:Have an assignment book where you write down all classwork and homework along with a folder for copies of any worksheets/handouts. Students are responsible for checking the assignment book when they return and collecting the assignments. This requires you to be organized and to update the assignment book each day.Create a buddy system. Have students be responsible for writing down assignments to share with someone who was out of class. If you gave notes in class, either provide a copy for the students who missed or you can have them copy notes for a friend. Be aware that students have to on their own time copy notes and they might not get all the information depending on the quality of the notes copied.Only give makeup work before or after school. Students have to come to see you when you are not teaching so that they can get the work. This can be hard for some students who do not have the time to come before or after depending on bus/ride schedules.Have a separate makeup assignment that uses the same skills, but different questions or criteria. Prepare how will you have students makeup tests and/or quizzes that they missed when they were absent. Many teachers require students to meet with them either before or after school. However, if there is an issue or concern with that, you might be able to have them come to your room during your planning period or lunch to try and complete the work. For students who need to make up assessments, you may want to design an alternate assessment, with different questions.Anticipate that long-term assignments (ones where students have two or more weeks to work on) will take much more supervision. Break the project up into chunks, staggering the workload when possible. Breaking up one assignment into smaller deadlines will mean that you are not chasing a large  assignment with a high percentage grade that is late.Decide how you will address late projects or large percentage assignments. Will you allow late submissions?  Make sure that you address this issue at the beginning of the year, especially if you are going to have a research paper or other long-term assignment in your class. Most teachers make it a policy that if students are absent on the day a long-term assignment is due that it must be submitted the day that student returns to school. Without this policy, you might find students who are trying to gain extra days by being absent. If you do not have a consistent late work or makeup policy, your students will notice. Students who turn their work in on time will be upset, and those who are consistently late will take advantage of you. The key to an effective late work and makeup work policy is good recordkeeping and daily enforcement. Once you decide what you want for your late work and makeup policy, then stick to that policy. Share your policy with other teachers because there is strength in consistency. Only by your consistent actions will this become one less worry in your school day.

Career as Periodontist Essay Example

Career as Periodontist Essay Example Career as Periodontist Essay Career as Periodontist Essay Dentistry is a rewarding career option that deals with the study relating to mouth, teeth, gums and other hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. It is the occupation concerned with prevention and treatment of supporting tissues, oral disease and particular diseases of the teeth. Dentistry, in recent times, is offering great career opportunities to the professionals in the field. Dental disorder has become a common problem among people of all sections of the society. With the development of recent science and technologies, the treatment procedures have also changed considerably. The opening of more specialized subjects like periodontics, oral pathology and orthodontics have all enhanced the scope in this field. Periodontology or periodontics is the specialty of dentistry that studies supporting structures of teeth, diseases and conditions that affect them. The supporting tissues are known as periodontium. A professional who practices this speciality field of dentistry is known as a periodontist. Periodontist practices a full scope of periodontics with expertise ranging from dental implants to cosmetic periodontal surgery, gum grafting and crown lengthening and specializes in a wide variety of periodontal disease devoted to restoring and enhancing the natural foundation of the smile using conservative, state-of-the-art procedures that will result in beautiful, long lasting foundation of one’s smile. Apart from the routine oral hygiene maintenance, other faculties which form the scope of periodontics are treatment of periodontitis, depigmentation of oral tissues, laser surgeries, reattachment procedures, gingivoplasty, implant surgeries, etc. Gum disease is the most common disease that afflicts mankind. It may be 20 years before a patient realizes they have it and by then it may be too late, as teeth may become loose and cannot be saved. Many people don’t realize that the issues that they are having with their teeth really are gum conditions, not teeth problems. In the early stages of the disease a dentist or hygienist can treat it; but as it progressively worsens a specialist is required to treat the gum disease. The periodontal team includes the periodontist, dental assistants and dental hygienists. The periodontist screens the patient, performs the surgical care, and provides continual care according to the patient’s needs. The dental assistant performs chair side assisting duties while the dental hygienist performs traditional hygiene procedures. The goals of periodontal therapy are to preserve the natural dentition, periodontium and peri-implant tissues; to maintain and improve periodontal and peri-implant health, comfort, esthetics and function. A periodontist is a dentist with a specialty. The specialty is the area supporting the teeth and its structures. He diagnoses and treats diseases by checking on the state of the patient’s mouth, gums and teeth. He is fully certified and qualified to prescribe antimicrobial medication and drugs to treat an infection or anything else that may need a prescription. Periodontists are able to perform specific surgeries that can improve problems that affect the gums that cannot be helped through nonsurgical means. Some of the periodontal surgeries conducted by these dental providers have a cosmetic element to them and can enhance and beautify the smiles of the people who have the work done. Dental implants are also part of the surgical options that this oral health care provider may offer. These are not the limit[pic], though and he or she may also offer other services that involve his field of expertise. The scope of a periodontist’s practice includes the diagnosis and delivery of care in a variety of areas:- Full periodontal diagnosis, treatment and management Gingival augmentation grafting procedures (free gingival grafts, connective tissue grafts) Root coverage pedicle and free soft tissue graft procedures Implant dentistry Interdental papilla reconstruction Regenerative therapy Crown lengthening procedures Gingival preservation at ectopic tooth eruption Removal of aberrant frenulum Prevention of ridge collapse associated with tooth extraction. Correction of the deformed edentulous ridge Cosmetic periodontal procedure Temperomandibular joint disease – diagnosis and treatment Supportive periodontal therapy for cancer patients Comprehensive management of dental care for elderly patients [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] A broad range of therapies exist in periodontics. No single treatment approach can provide the only means of treating any one or all periodontal diseases. One treatment modality may be appropriate for one section of the mouth while another approach may be suitable at other sites. The treatment procedures include:- Chemotherapeutic agents Resective procedures comprising of soft tissue procedures like gingivectomy, gingivoplasty, various mucogingival flap procedures; osseous procedures like ostectomy, osteoplasty; and dental tissue procedures like root resection, tooth hemisection and odontoplasty. Periodontal regenerative procedures include soft tissue grafts, bone replacement grafts, root biomodification and guided tissue regeneration. Periodontal plastic surgery Occlusal therapy include minor tooth movement, occlusal adjustment and splinting. Preprosthetic periodontal procedures Replacement of teeth by dental implants Procedures to facilitate orthodontic treatment Management of periodontal systemic interrelationships when appropriate. A significant recent development in periodontal research has been the convergence of basic and clinical research resulting in a logarithmic increase in the rate of progress. Throughout the 20th century, investigators and clinicians sought to discover the causes and trace the natural history of periodontal disease. Noteworthy progress has been made on several fronts. It was once believed that oral hygiene and age accounted predominantly for variances in the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease; now, a number of innate, acquired and environmental risk factors have been identified. Insight into periodontal wound healing has fostered promising approaches to promoting regeneration of damaged periodontal structures. The progress made in understanding the nature of periodontal disease have been  complemented by equally noteworthy therapeutic advances. The coupling of surgical and medical approaches to treatment ushers in a new era in the management of periodontal disease. Laser-assisted new attachment procedure, the LANAP protocol, is a surgical therapy designed for the treatment of periodontitis through regeneration rather than resection. This therapy and the laser used to perform it have been in use for more than a decade. The last 25 years have brought unprecedented advances to our understanding of periodontal disease. Consider that in 1970 periodontitis was believed to effect most individuals over the age of 35 years, to progress steadily in an individual once initiated until teeth were lost, to be the primary cause of tooth loss. In the 25 years then, impressive research advances in the epidemiology of periodontal disease, the specific bacterial etiology and immunoinflammatory mediators of periodontal tissue destruction have greatly altered our view of periodontal disease. Thus, given these research advances in the understanding of periodontitis, what may the future hold for improved diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease ? Impressive research into new ways to diagnose the periodontal diseases is well underway. Investigators are seeking new ways to diagnose an individual’s degree of risk for periodontal disease initiation, susceptibility to disease progression, level of disease activity and the likely response to treatment and recurrence of active disease. New diagnostic tests should greatly advance our ability to more accurately and specifically diagnose periodontal disease. The future also looks promising for new treatment strategies to slow or arrest periodontal disease progression. Likely, we have barely scratched the surface in studying the efficacy of locally delivered antimicrobial agents to alter the disease progression. The future also holds promise for slowing disease progression by blocking inflammatory pathways important in periodontal tissue destruction. Last, research into regenerating periodontal structure lost as a result of disease has had a noteworthy record of progress in the past 25 years. Techniques that utilize bone grafts, root treatments, tissue guiding membranes or polypeptide growth factors have ably indicated that it is  possible to regenerate new attachment structures in humans. As investigators continue to unravel the mysteries of the embryonic development of periodontium, the ability to predictably regenerate lost periodontal attachment structures hold great promise for the future. CONCLUSION A standard of excellence in personalized periodontal care enables us to provide the quality periodontal services our patients deserve. As periodontal health care professionals, we should pride ourselves in providing the care the patient needs to keep his smile healthy. Building a foundation of trust by treating our patients as special individuals is vital to our success. As a periodontal practitioner, we must truly believe that preventive care and education are the keys to optional dental health. We must strive to provide dental health care vs. disease care and overwhelmingly dedicated to provide excellent personalized care and service to make the patient as comfortable and pleasant as possible. GINGIVAL GRAFTING ROOT COVERAGE FRENECTOMY DENTAL IMPLANT PERIODONTAL PLASTIC SURGERY

Health Beliefs of Christian Science Followers Research Paper

Health Beliefs of Christian Science Followers - Research Paper Example In the prior twenty-five years, a resurgence of interest in the spiritual dimensions of human health has given reason and foundation to the thought that the preference of medical science over that of religion may be weakening. Christian Science was founded in 1866 and the founder later founded the Church of Christ, Scientist (Singh, 2009). A 25-year-old pregnant female arrives at the emergency department, accompanied by her husband, with complaints of severe pains and abdominal cramps. Further examination by the physician discovers that she is suffering from an ectopic pregnancy. The diagnosis and plan of care are explained to the patient by the physician. The proposed treatment plan includes the insertion of an IV, pain intervention through the use of medication and surgical intervention. Surgery will remove the developing cells which could potentiate a need for the administration of blood products and IV antibiotics. The couple refuses surgery by their religion and explains that they are Christian Science followers. The physician is insistent and explains ectopic pregnancy and the in inherent risks and cautions that the surgery must take place within the hour. The physician explains fully the implications of an ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy develops outside of the uterus and the embryo implants in an area other than where it should, which is the endometrial layer of the uterus. The travel of the embryo through the fallopian tubes is altered in some way in these pregnancies. Up to 98% of these pregnancies develop in the fallopian tubes (Mcqueen, 2011, p 50). It is a leading cause of first-trimester mortality.An ectopic pregnancy is usually not capable of survival through the pregnancy can grow large enough to rupture the area that it is in which can cause severe and heavy bleeding which endangers the life of the mother. These pregnancies damage the fallopian tubes and must be detected and treated early to prevent severe bleeding. One that has ruptured will bleed slowly into the abdomen and is considered a medical emergency.

Monty python and the Holy Grail Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Monty python and the Holy Grail - Essay Example The main idea brought out by Blythe and Sweet is that the best way to understand and think of the swimmer is through the quest for the Holy Grail. The whole essay is mostly concentrated on relating The Swimmer to the Holy Grail. This idea is driven by the act of Neddy being helped by the old wise man, but not paying attention to his assistance, and the way he refuses to comprehend his inspiration and quest. On the other hand, the knights behave in a completely opposite manner from Neddy. These factors are what links Neddy to the Grail quest. The authors show how the Swimmer can be a story about a certain myth, and at the same time go through a critical examination and linking the Swimmer to the quest of the Holy Grail. In Cheever’s story, the lifestyle portrayed is hedonistic and sybaritic, involving a lot of drinking and partying. The cup is viewed as the Grail symbol, and here, it’s used for selfish enjoyment. Cheever uses a language that makes him Grail hero when int roducing his protagonist. Neddy Merrill has the feeling that he is a man with a destiny. Cheever insists that Neddy is a unique figure because of his youth slenderness and he has the physical ability to dive headfirst into the pool, displaying his swimming skills. He also has a wife, daughters and a mistress, which makes him a grail hero. As a Grail hero, Neddy begins his quest, but because he is drunk, he believes he can get to his home by water. His quest was a selfish one since he was doing everything just for himself.

American Idiot Essay Example for Free

American Idiot Essay The song that I chose to write about is titled American Idiot by Green Day. This song was on Green Day’s album titled American Idiot. This album was originally released in 2004. American Idiot, the song, peaked at number 61 on the Billboard Hot 100. My reason for choosing this song is that it talks about how the media runs society and how people shouldn’t let the media run their lives. The main social issue that is talked about in this song is how the media runs our lives and society. One of the lines in the song is â€Å"Don’t wanna be an American idiot, one nation controlled by the media. † This line refers to how people in America rely heavily on the media for everything. They trust every word that is printed in a newspaper or magazine or said on television without question. People hang on every word that is pumped through the media. I don’t consider this to be a personal problem because it refers to all people being controlled by the media. It is not as if the singer in the song is the only one that the media affects. Media is worldwide ways of letting people know what is going on around them. What Billy Joe Armstrong is saying throughout this song is that people need to realize is that not everything that a person hears is necessarily true and people should not panic just because of what the news says. Green Day is an American rock band that was formed in 1987. the group consists of three members: Billy Joe Armstrong(vocals), Tre` Cool(drums), and Mike Dirnt(bass). In 1988, they signed to Lookout Records and then in 1989 they released their first EP titled 1,000 Hours. However, the band didn’t have much success until it released the album Kerplunk in 1993. After Kerplunk’s success, Green Day proceeded to leave Lookout Records and sign with Reprise Records. In 1994, they released their first major label debut, Dookie. Over the next few years, Green Day would have much success but then decided to take a break in 1996. They returned in 1997. When they returned, they began to work on a new full-length album. This album was entitled Nimrod and was released in October of 1997. This album deviated from their normally pop-punk style of music and gave listeners a variety of music. They didn’t release another album until 2000 when they released Warning which further continued their new sound that they started with Nimrod. After releasing Warning, they were nominated for 8 awards in the California Music Awards. They won all eight awards. The band then continued their success over the next few years. In 2004 the band released American Idiot. And then in 2006 they won the Grammy for record of the year because of the track Boulevard of Broken Dreams which spent 16 weeks at the top of the charts. The lyrics to American Idiot are as follows: â€Å"Dont wanna be an American idiot. Dont want a nation under the new mania. And can you hear the sound of hysteria? The subliminal mindfuck America. Welcome to a new kind of tension. All across the alienation. Everything isnt meant to be okay. Television dreams of tomorrow. Were not the ones whore meant to follow. For thats enough to argue. Well maybe Im the faggot America. Im not a part of a redneck agenda. Now everybody do the propaganda. And sing along in the age of paranoia. Welcome to a new kind of tension. All across the alienation. Everything isnt meant to be okay. Television dreams of tomorrow. Were not the ones whore meant to follow. For thats enough to argue. Dont wanna be an American idiot. One nation controlled by the media. Information age of hysteria. Its calling out to idiot America. Welcome to a new kind of tension. All across the alienation. Everything isnt meant to be okay. Television dreams of tomorrow. Were not the ones whore meant to follow. For thats enough to argue. †

Adults in Salingers Catcher in the Rye :: essays research papers

The adults that Holden appreciates As a general consensus, children are raised to trust adults. However there are some sinister and eerie adults out there that exploit the childish and test that trust. Children are taught that the principal is their friend and that the police men are there to help. As a child one is taught, protected, and cared for by their parents. As those parents become older, there is a regression where the parent almost becomes the child and the child the parent. In J.D. Salinger?s novel, The Catcher in the Rye, the adults whom Holden Caulfield appreciates are childlike and helpless. While Holden was attending Pencey Prep, he formed a relationship with his history teacher, Old Mr. Spencer. Mr. Spencer was really the only teacher that Holden liked. While Holden was getting ready to go into Mr. Spencer?s bedroom, he said, ?His door was open, but I sort of knocked on it anyway, just to be polite and all.? (7). This showed his respect for Mr. Spencer and his privacy. It also showed that Holden had manners but had enough of a friendship with Old Spencer to talk with him in his own home. However, Holden felt a little uncomfortable with the situation when he actually saw Mr. Spencer, started talking to him, and felt a lecture coming on. Holden often thought about Mr. Spencer. While walking to Mr. Spencer?s room, Holden thought, If you thought about him too much, you wondered what the heck he was still living for?. But if you thought about him just enough and not too much, you could figure it out that he wasn?t doing too bad for himself.? (2-3). Holden saw Mr. Spencer as childlike and helpless which made it easier for him to form a relationship with an adult. Holden also found the same qualities that aloud him to appreciate certain adults in the old Secretary at Phoebe?s school. When Holden was arranging for his note to be passed on to Phoebe, he started talking to the secretary in the office. When the lady said that Pencey was a good school, Holden thought, ?Even if I?d wanted to, I wouldn?t have had the strength to straighten her out. Besides, if she thought Pencey was a good school, let her think it.? (202) Holden didn?t want to correct the old lady and embarrass her. At the same time, Holden thought, ?You hate to tell new stuff to somebody around a hundred years old.

Analytical study of the artwork by Anupam Sud Essay

The art of printmaking, as we know it today, is an artistic method appreciated for its unique technical qualities and its immense vocabulary as a specialized field of fine art. Printmaking is the process with which a wide range of materials and diversity of techniques are associated, which offers the artist varied possibilities for experimentation. Anupam Sud was born in 1944 at Hoshiarpur in Punjab. She passed her Diploma in Fine Art from the College of Art, Delhi and an advanced course in printmaking from the Slade School of Art in London on a British Council scholarship. She headed the printmaking department at the Delhi College of Art for several years. She has been a teacher and a mentor to many young artists of today. She is also known for her fine drawings and paintings. Her work breathes a unique freshness- with traces of sculptural contours in some and hints of warmth of oils in others. Though her work features both men and women and often in the nude, her sympathies are fem inist and the oeuvre introspective and somewhat brooding or haunting, concerning itself with common human predicaments of ambiguity and hypocrisy. As an educationist and founding member of the printmakers guild and subsequently the mini prints exhibition that she had curated which toured several Indian cities, she has been able to win for graphics a place within the folds of recognized art forms. Anupam works at her home-studio in village Mandi, isolated by verdure and green fields, several miles away from the churning of Delhi’s streets. When we compare the work of Anupam sud with the great printmaker of the past, like Albert Durer, Daumier, Kathe kollowitz who used print-making for its monochromatic power of statement, Anupam, on the contrary, uses its language of metaphor. Sud’s art consolidates her humanistic leanings over her feminist ones, reflecting upon the nature of humanity in all its forms. She works, one might say, with a social and political consciousness that may not be radical, but affects a subtle intervention by speculation rather than statement. Her deep knowledge of past artistic traditions, of the cultural dynamics that prevail in the Indian context and topical events is the trigger that ignites her imagination. The sweet bitter taste of life that occurs in the wider world of everyday experience engages this artist. The themes of manipulation, the relationship of power to predicament, of powerlessness and temptation, human fallibility and trappings, the masked existence of urban people, the inertia of government structures, are some of the recurrent themes that engage Anupam’s thought process. When encountering Anupam’s work, what strikes one immediately is her ‘sensuality of seeing’. Whether humans or objects, they are represented in their full-bodied corporeality- their skin and flesh, texture and volume captured most effectively by well-delineated contours and in the black and white (light and dark) ambiance of etching. It is her eye, and an acute sense of the ‘optic’ that guides her hand in shaping the physical reality of things. Anupam remains a committed realist, even to the extent of sometimes being photographic. This sense of realism is not reduced to a sterile function of flawless copying, but refined by an intuitive vision of the perceived object in the pictorial construction. The narrative itself is packed with telling details which provide important clues to the social satire, the wit and the clever ridicule infused in the infinite oddities of human situations. Anupam, I think intentionally confounds both the subjective and objective worlds, where the obscure is sighted, the uncanny revealed and the incomprehensible called to account. Sud operates outside the narrow boundaries of ‘art for art’s sake’. The dual nature of reality fascinates her and is seen in her interest in polarized situations. Disqualifying traditional iconography as unsuitable to her expressive goals, she frequently attempts to divest the human form of all cultural markers -caste, creed, clothing and nationality, to represent a universal symbol. Reflecting her own personal nature, her figures dismiss confrontation and direct retaliation. In self-absorption, they are ‘set apart’ from the familiar daily environment to fully allow the effects of emotional and aesthetic experience. Anupam uses humorous ways of representing otherwise serious concerns. Perhaps in view of the disharmony of gender relations, Anupam juxtaposes the fragmented images of female foeticide and highlights an alternate biological choice with erotic forms and men applying lipstick, suggestive of a possible future homosexual world. In the work ‘Dialogue’, one version has two men in communion, characterized more by their gentle touching than speech. While the men are located in an open, public space, the dialogue between two women in another version takes place in a dark, domestic and private space. As it happens in life all the time, there is suspicion also when persons of the same sex become companions. Anupam expects the viewer to read or misread the relationships in multiple ways, validating their power to make meanings. In her work Anupam Sud regularly uses the strategy of literal solidness where object makes the content familiar. Her work ‘Don’t Touch My Halo’ has the overwhelming centrality of a heroic male figure in a ri gid statuesque pose, holding the fruits of his success, and the dancing apsaras with their sensual body rhythms, as glories of his life. In contrast to the powerful handsome exterior (his temporary facade), the skull under the seat is a metaphor for his hidden inner self and hollow structure. . ‘The Shifting Halo’ is antithetical to this, where with the abrupt collapse of power the halo has already shifted from the dead man towards the virility and power of youth. The cold, ice-slab architectural space, the hard rendering of the face, the cropped body and the exact nature of its placement, the strong sense of shadows and silence make for a harsh visualization of the theme. There are other works dosed with concerns for pollution, hazards of industrialization, barrack-like structures, erratic electricity nuisance- all familiar stories, but invested with personal and collective meaning. ‘Dining with the Ego’ holds mystery in spite of a material sumptuousness. A sharp contrast in image is visible, with the man hogging merrily and the woman with an empty plate. The irreconciled situation creates a kind of visual discomfort in spite of the table with its luring spread. Similarly, some of the other works represent a feminine concern, where empathy and a pained compassion pervade the imagery. Women seem to be framed, however obliquely, in a man-centered world of marriage, physical violation and invasive medical techniques. ‘The Ceremony of Unmasking(1990)’ problematizes the predicament of human relationship. There is an ambiguity about the act, whether the woman is being unmasked or masked again. Overpowered by the two men with their terrifying masks, the woman, still uncertain about her feelings flings her hands up in reflexive stance. While central panel introduces the dog as a symbol of loyalty. Locating the work in a mysterious space Anupam secludes the ritual and the characters involved, to live with the secret of the act. ‘Wee Hour’ shows a woman in a crouched position, shaped almost in human shell form that sym bolizes protection, yet she is vulnerable, not guarded from her dreams and latent desires. The incompatibility of the mind and the body is sensitively etched out in many of Anupam’s work. Her recent prints quite regularly feature the intentional visual demarcation of mental and material reality; the body and the accessories are separately juxtaposed with meanings implicit in circumstantial relationships. As an artist and as a person, Anupam is critically discerning, with a self-analytic ego secure in its self doubt. She is a thinking artist who never works with a set pattern but invites fresh challenges and seeks new discoveries with each work. Her print collages, for instance, are abstracted bits from several of her prints that make up a pictorial pseudo script. She enjoys the variety of blacks that emerge as a result of different papers used in her prints. One observes that in a rigorous medium like etching, Anupam has shown courageous preference for large formats. In fact, her zinc plates are getting larger and larger. She explains, â€Å"With drawing, the journ ey of the mind begins and webs stories around the theme that demand space to accommodate the monumental scale of the characters.† Overcoming all repressive barriers, she comfortably etches the male and female body in its stark nakedness. Technically, her attraction for the unbroken line and contour heavily compounds with her perceived human form. While shaping her narratives on the zinc plate, she indulges spiritedly in the aquatint process, often darkening the entire field and then reclaiming the whites in a most painstaking (and challenging) way. Anupam’s final print makes a ‘gradual emergence’ after a sequence of improvisations and remedial measures perceived by the artist while pausing amidst the spaced acts of executing prints. Working with the reverse image and visualizing its ‘positive’ side requires special insight. Also, drawing and scraping need the plate to be positioned flat on the table but at intervals the plate needs to be placed on the board to register distortions and incongruous working. Her hand, that transfers human touch and energy, varying in pressure, forc e and feeling, remains undoubtedly her most important tool of working, fine tuned with her entire being. If we compare the art work of Anupam Sud with her female contemporaries, like Nilima sheikh, Anjelina Ela Menon, Gogi Saroj Pal, her style is uniquely prosaic, even masculine. Her recent work. ‘All Paths Lead to Me’ was done before the passing of her father, as if etching a premonition. There are men standing visibly in memorial stones with the mythological reference to words of Lord Krishna inscribed on the stones. The lower area, a separate plate, depicts a man in (eternal) repose on the wooden cot that carries him on his final journey. Again the contradiction in Anupam, wherein the man in the centre above, though captured in a posture of certainty, expresses uncertainty – not knowing where to go (or perhaps where any of us will go). Her earlier work ‘Of Walls’ is based on recollections of childhood memories – the walls of the ancestral ‘kothi’,(home in Hoshiyarpur, now sold) covered with graffiti, that were so difficult to jump over in childhood and now seem to have shrunk. The faceless presence of time is personified in the woman’s image while the recumbent male figure, legs folded on one another, is reminiscent of the very familiar sight of her grandfather resting. More than anything, it is the mystery of time, its being there and yet not there, this loss of patrimony is most acutely felt by the women of the family who are not a legatee of this former haven of childhood pleasure. ‘In Search of Two Years from the Past through First and Second Class Mail’ is a break from Anupam’s easily recognizable works. These are large colourful silk-screens in the magnified format of a posted envelope while at the Slade. They carry the spontaneous handwritten imprint of names and addresses by many of her teachers and colleagues. The monochrome human images are symbolic of people walking through time, in some subtle way their anatomies distinguish them from one another. To her credit, without adequate infrastructure and an advanced equipped environment for printmaking, an artist like Anupam Sud has made a mark both at the national and the international level. She proudly believes this to be a unique Indian trait – â€Å"†¦to be able to strive so hard with so little in hand.† As printmakers update and go all electronic, Anupam Sud in many ways is an old-fashioned, slow but steady mover who after four decades is passionately continuing to refine her skills at etching. The long tedious hours of physical labour, studio confinement amidst chemicals, machine presses, heavy rollers, metal plates, burners and innumerable tools have become a way of life for her – with no substitute. â€Å"She believes nothing worthy can emerge in the absence of perseverance†. She is firm on her lifetime commitment to printmaking, especially etching. As a single woman who has given her life a purpose, Anupam indulges in art, sourcing it through her contact with life and its innumerable shades. She acknowledges people who influenced her on the way – her parents: her father who loved body building, read detective stories and loved Punjabi theatre; her mother who adored classical music and read the Upanishads; her mentor and teacher, Jagmohan Chopra who reinforced her strengths and determination as an artist; and the presence of Somnath Hore in Delhi, whose work she closely related to. Anupam Suds’ work has been exhibited widely with over a dozen solo shows and many more group exhibitions in various Indian cities and elsewhere including the USA, UK, Italy, Korea and Switzerland. She has won numerous national and international awards for her printmaking and conducted workshops in Canada and Japan. Her work is held in many private and public collections including NGMA Delhi. It was the subject of a major publication and a retrospective organized recently. She lives and works in Delhi.

Marijuana Paper

Legalization of Marijuana Some people say that marijuana is a helpful medicine in many ways. They say it will relax you, calm you down, and make one feel very good. It is also said that it is not as harmful or dangerous as alcohol and other gateway drugs, and that is some of the reasons why many people want to legalize marijuana. Marijuana should stay illegal in the United States because if it is made legal, more and more people will smoke it, which will cause negative effects on health and families.If marijuana is made legal, people will think smoking marijuana is something that they can do every single day at any given time, which will increase drug use. People will smoke marijuana without getting in trouble or getting arrested. With it being legal, there will also be a lot easier way to buy it, and it will also be a lot cheaper to buy. These same things took place when alcohol was made legal. Drug dealers will be able to grow marijuana without getting in any kind of trouble, and i n return, will be able to make a large profit off of it.It is said in Legalizing Marijuana, â€Å"Van Deventer, a news reporter, described how he and his friends used drugs casually for a while. He felt like he was growing closer to addiction. But buying illegal drugs was not easy. Van Deventer and his friends feared being arrested. They worried about undercover cops posing as drugs dealers, who often sold them fake drugs. † (Legalizing Drugs 67) It is also said in this book that Van Deventer and his friends stopped using drugs when it was illegal, because they did not want to get arrested.If drugs were legal at this time, Van Deventer and his buddies would use drugs casually once again. The increasing drug use will eventually lead to many health effects in the drug users. People who are depressed use marijuana because they think that if they use it, it will calm them down, and in return get them out of the depressed mood they were in. Studies show that this is not true, beca use marijuana is shown to worsen a person’s depression problem. There are also many other negative health effects to marijuana users including: respiratory illness, lung infections, and cancer of the lungs, mouth, throat, and esophagus.It is shown that frequent marijuana users have a higher risk of getting these different types of cancer than smokers are. It is said that after just a minute or two of smoking marijuana, the marijuana user’s heart rate increases and their blood pressure decreases as well. When your blood pressure drops and your heart rate increases, researchers found that the user has a four time higher chance of having a heart attack within the first hour of using marijuana.Smoking marijuana can also, in some cases, make a frequent user of marijuana gain a major amount of weight. Marijuana users have said that they get the â€Å"munchies† while high which makes them want to eat large amounts of food which, in return can make them gain weight. If marijuana is made legal, it would also make a negative effect on the user’s family and home life. If a parent of a young teen uses this marijuana in front of their child, it will make the child want to do the same thing as their parent or parents.Parents around the world are role models to their kids and the kids want to do what their parents do in many ways. If a child sees his or her parent getting high, it will make the child want to do the same thing. Marijuana affects teens and their ability to learn and concentrate in school. It will cause them to make bad choices like skipping school to go out and smoke with all of their buddies. When parents use this drug, it will possibly cause them to neglect or abuse their children. If marijuana stays illegal, these negative effects will lessen.Van Deventer says in Legalizing Drugs, â€Å"The more barriers there are (cops or the hassle or the fear of dying from an overdose) the less likely you are to get addicted. † (Legaliz ing Drugs 68) He is trying to state that if marijuana stays illegal, there will be many more consequences if one smokes or gets caught smoking. If it was legal, than the fear of addiction and getting hassled by the cops for it would not be there. So why would this country want to take a risk of legalizing this drug? It will only give teens and parents bad ideas to teens, parents, and families.Increased drug use, negative health effects, and negative effects on families are all the negative outcomes of legalizing marijuana. So legalizing marijuana will put negative effects on families and it will make many people make man bad choices. Works Cited Goldstein, J Margaret. Legalizing Drugs: Crime Stopper or Social Risk. Twenty First Century Books. Colorado. Outline I. Introduction: Negative effects on family, health, and major increase in drug use II. Increased use in marijuana use III. Negative effects on health related issues IV. Negative effects on family and home life

Lockheed F-104 Starfighter History

Lockheed F-104 Starfighter History The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter was developed for the US Air Force as a supersonic interceptor. Entering service in 1958, it was the USAFs first fighter capable of speeds in excess of Mach 2. Though the F-104 set a multitude of airspeed and altitude records, it suffered from reliability issues and possessed a poor safety record. Briefly used in the Vietnam War, the F-104 was largely ineffective and was withdrawn in 1967. The F-104 was widely exported and saw service with numerous other countries. Design The F-104 Starfighter traces its origins to the Korean War where US Air Force pilots were battling the MiG-15. Flying the North American F-86 Sabre, they stated that they desired a new aircraft with superior performance. Visiting American forces in December 1951, Lockheeds chief designer, Clarence Kelly Johnson, listened to these concerns and learned firsthand the pilots needs. Returning to California, he quickly assembled design team to begin sketching out a new fighter. Assessing several design options ranging from small light fighters to heavy interceptors they ultimately settled on the former. Building around the new General Electric J79 engine, Johnsons team created a supersonic air superiority fighter that utilized the lightest airframe possible. Emphasizing performance, the Lockheed design was presented to the USAF in November 1952. Intrigued by Johnsons work, it elected to issue a new proposal and began accepting competing designs. In this competition, Lockheeds design was joined by those from Republic, North American, and Northrop. Though the other aircraft possessed merits, Johnsons team won the competition and received a prototype contract in March 1953. Development Work moved forward on the prototype which was dubbed XF-104. As the new J79 engine was not ready for use, the prototype was powered by a Wright J65. Johnsons prototype called for a long, narrow fuselage that was mated with a radical new wing design. Employing a short, trapezoidal shape, the XF-104s wings were extremely thin and required protection on the leading edge to avoid injury to ground crews. These were combined with a t-tail configuration aft. Due to the thinness of the wings, the XF-104s landing gear and fuel were contained within the fuselage. Initially armed with a M61 Vulcan cannon, the XF-104 also possessed wingtip stations for AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles. Later variants of the aircraft would incorporate up to nine pylons and hardpoints for munitions. With construction of the prototype complete, the XF-104 first took to the sky on March 4, 1954 at Edwards Air Force Base. Though the aircraft had moved quickly from the drawing board to the sky, an additional four years were required to refine and improve the XF-104 before it became operational. Entering service on February 20, 1958, as the F-104 Starfighter, the type was the USAFs first Mach 2 fighter. Cockpit of a F-104C Starfighter. US Air Force Performance Possessing impressive speed and climb performance, the F-104 could be tricky aircraft during takeoff and landings. For the latter, it employed a boundary layer control system to reduce its landing speed. In the air, the F-104 proved very effective at high-speed attacks, but less so in dogfighting due to its wide turning radius. The type also offered exceptional performance at low altitudes making it useful as a strike fighter. During the course of its career, the F-104 became known for its high loss rate due to accidents. This was particularly true in Germany where the Luftwaffe grounded the F-104 in 1966. F-104G Starfighter GeneralLength:  54 ft., 8 in.Wingspan:  21 ft., 9 in.Height:  13 ft., 6 in.Wing Area:  196.1  sq. ft.Empty Weight:  14,000 lbs.Loaded Weight:  20,640 lbs.Crew:  1Performance Power Plant:  1 Ãâ€" General Electric J79-GE-11A afterburning turbojetCombat Radius:  420 milesMax Speed:  1,328 mphArmament Guns:  1 Ãâ€" 20 mm (0.787 in) M61 Vulcan cannon, 725 rounds7 Hardpoints:  4 x AIM-9 Sidewinder, up to 4,000 lbs. bombs, rockets, drop tanks Operational History Entering service with 83rd Fighter Interceptor Squadron in 1958, the F-104A first became operational as part of the USAF Air Defense Command as an interceptor. In this role the type suffered teething problems as the squadrons aircraft were grounded after a few months due to engine issues. Based on these problems, the USAF reduced the size of its order from Lockheed. Lockheed F-104A Starfighter of the 83rd Fighter Interceptor Squadron at Taoyuan Air Base, Taiwan, on 15 September 1958, during the Quemoy Crisis. US Air Force While issues persisted, the F-104 became a trailblazer as the Starfighter set a series of performance records including world air speed and altitude. Later that year, a fighter-bomber variant, the F-104C, joined the USAF Tactical Air Command. Quickly falling out of favor with the USAF, many F-104s were transferred to the Air National Guard. With the beginning of the US involvement in the Vietnam War in 1965, some Starfighter squadrons began to see action in Southeast Asia. In use over Vietnam until 1967, the F-104 failed to score any kills and suffered a loss of 14 aircraft to all causes. Lacking the range and payload of more modern aircraft, the F-104 was quickly phased out of service with the last aircraft leaving USAF inventory in 1969. The type was retained by NASA which used F-104 for testing purposes until 1994. An Export Star Though the F-104 proved unpopular with the USAF, it was exported extensively to NATO and other US-allied nations. Flying with the Republic of China Air Force and Pakistan Air Force, the Starfighter scored kills in the 1967 Taiwan Strait Conflict and India-Pakistan Wars respectively. Other large buyers included the Germany, Italy, and Spain who bought the definitive F-104G variant beginning in the early 1960s. Featuring a reinforced airframe, longer range, and improved avionics, the F-104G was built under license by several companies including FIAT, Messerschmitt, and SABCA. In Germany, the F-104 got off to a bad start due to a large bribery scandal that was associated with its purchase. This reputation sank further when the aircraft began suffering from an unusually high accident rate. Though the Luftwaffe endeavored to correct problems with its F-104 fleet, over 100 pilots were lost in training accidents during the aircrafts use in Germany. As losses mounted, General Johannes Steinhoff grounded the F-104 in 1966 until solutions could be found. Despite these problems, export production of the F-104 continued until 1983. Utilizing various modernization programs, Italy continued to fly the Starfighter until finally retiring it in 2004.

All About Prepositional Phrases, with Over 60 Examples

All About Prepositional Phrases, with Over 60 Examples All About Prepositional Phrases, with Over 60 Examples All About Prepositional Phrases, with Over 60 Examples By Michael This article contains every common preposition in the English language. Isnt it nice to know that you can learn them all? A list of every common verb or every common noun would be very long Prepositional phrases usually begin with a preposition and end with an object. For example, in the prepositional phrase under the hill, under is the preposition and the hill is the object. A prepositional phrase serves as an adjective or adverb; that is, it modifies a noun or a verb. In the sentence He left after lunch, the prepositional phrase after lunch is used as an adverb to modify the verb left. It tells us when he left, as do He left earlier or He left later. There is no adverb in English that says, He left post-lunch-ly. The object of a preposition is a noun (after the meal), or at least some kind of a noun, such as a gerund (after eating), pronoun (after him), or a noun clause (after what he ate). Some writers tie their writing into knots to keep from breaking a supposed rule against ending a sentence with a preposition. When criticized for doing that, Winston Churchill is supposed to have replied, This is the type of errant pedantry up with which I will not put. His point was that it would be clearer to say, I will not put up with that type of errant pedantry. Maybe your sentence would be clearer without any preposition. Earlier weve given you five ways to minimize prepositional phrases. Prepositions such as of and by are sometimes clues that the sentence could be made shorter or more direct. For example: An occurrence of sneezing is sometimes considered a sign of disease by over-cautious parents. Remove two prepositions and its shorter and better: Over-cautious parents sometimes fear that sneezing can signal a disease. List of Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases Examples Aboard: I was aboard the Titanic but escaped on an life raft. About: Kids are crazy about playing Fortnite. Above: There was a cat meowing above me in a tree. Across: I have sailed across the Atlantic Ocean. After: After I finish school, I have always planned to be a dermatologist. Against: Its the Bulls against the Lakers for the basketball championship. Along: The pirate came along the aft side, threw a line over the rail, and boarded the ship with a sword in his teeth. Amid: Amid the cheering crowd, she walked to the platform to receive her medal. Among: After the battle, I grieved to see that among the bodies lay friends and foes. Around: My grandfather put his arm around me and promised to buy me a pocket knife. At: At the football game, freckled teenagers sold sodas to raise money for their club. Before: Wash your hands before supper, and after supper too, in your case. Behind: Behind the barn, I imagine theres an old Lamborghini tractor or two. Below: That chipmunk must live below the ground because he disappeared into a hole yesterday. Beneath: Caves can extend miles beneath the surface of the earth. Beside: She sat beside me and said that her ring had just slipped down the drain. Between: This suspicion between us is damaging our careers in espionage. Beyond: The size of the universe is beyond imagination. But: Everyone but Mom ate jalapeno ice pops. By: Our next poem was written by Robert Frost. Concerning: I speak to you today concerning the great opportunity before us. Considering: The racehorse kept up a good pace, considering her age. Despite: Despite her potato heart, Veggie-Girl faced the forces of evil daily. Down: Look down the foaming river before you decide to dive in. During: I cried during the whole movie after my drink spilled in my lap. Except: I would make cookies except I have no flour. Following: Read the next chapter, then answer the questions following the map section. For: This present is for you, Jimmy, so be thankful. From: I came from the future! In: Help, my foots stuck in the fence. Inside: Three dogs live inside one big doghouse. Into: Look into the crystal ball and see your future. Like: I love my suntan even though I look like a burnt chicken nugget. Minus: The dress looks much better minus the red frill. Near: The flagpole near the pine tree is almost as tall. Next to: Put the Chaucer on the bookshelf next to the Caedmon. Of: The life of a millionaire is amazing: the cars, the money, the taxes. Off: The paint will not come off my shoes. On: Snow fell on my head when I sledded under a tree. Onto: He drove off the main highway and onto a gravel road. Opposite: She lived in the cottage opposite the pond. Out: Look out the window at the beautiful sunset. Outside: Its dry here, but I hear its raining outside of town. Over: Okay, can you jump over a traffic cone on a skateboard? Past: The football flew past the car and into a tree. Plus: The vacation included a week on the island plus the cruise to the island. Regarding: I speak to you today regarding the great opportunity before us. Since: Ive felt depressed ever since my grandfather died. Through: The baseball flew past the tree and through the window. Throughout: Throughout history, there have always been compassionate people. To: Send this sword to Sir Raymond of the Palms. Toward: Hit the ball toward the sky and get out of the way. Under: I dug under the ground and found a gopher hole. Underneath: I just realized theres quicksand underneath me. Unlike: The northern moors are treacherous and isolated, unlike the southern moors, which attract tourists. Until: Dont wake me until eight oclock Christmas morning. Up: Uncle George went up on the roof to get the rocket back. Upon: I bestow upon you this gift of armor. Versus: Traveling by dogsled can be cold, versus traveling by train. With: With the weather outside so sunny, I think I should ride my bike. Within: Theres no gas station within 100 miles. Without: Without food or water, we could not survive. Prepositional Phrase Quiz Choose the answer that reflects the prepositional phrase in each sentence. 1. The northern moors are treacherous and isolated, unlike the southern moors, which attract tourists. unlike the southern moors which attract tourists 2. Look into the crystal ball and see your future. into the crystal ball your future 3. With the weather outside so sunny, I think I should ride my bike. With the weather outside so sunny I think I should ride my bike 4. At the football game, freckled teenagers sold sodas to raise money for their club. for their club At the football game Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? 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